漆彩绚丽、纹饰芳菲：流传至日本的宋元明髹饰工艺

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rich history and cultural significance of the traditional Chinese lacquerware craftsmanship, particularly during the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, and its influence on Japanese lacquerware [2][3][4]. Group 1: Historical Context - China is recognized as the earliest country to use natural lacquer, with evidence of lacquerware dating back to the Neolithic period [3]. - The lacquer craftsmanship in China reached a high level during the Warring States period, and by the Song dynasty, it had become both practical and aesthetically pleasing [3][6]. - The term "Japan" is associated with lacquerware due to the significant export of Japanese lacquer products to Europe during the Edo period, contrasting with the more prominent export of Chinese porcelain [3]. Group 2: Cultural Exchange - Chinese lacquerware has profoundly influenced Japanese culture, with Chinese styles being treasured by the Japanese imperial family since the Tang dynasty [3][4]. - The craftsmanship of lacquerware in Japan can be traced back to Chinese techniques, particularly those from the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, which are highly valued in Japan [3][4]. Group 3: Techniques and Styles - The article details various lacquer techniques such as "suqi" (plain lacquer), "carved lacquer," "gold inlay," and "mother-of-pearl inlay," which reflect the sophistication of lacquer craftsmanship during the Song to Ming periods [6][8]. - "Suqi" emphasizes simplicity and texture, while "carved lacquer" involves layering different colors and intricate designs, showcasing a more complex aesthetic [6][7]. - "Gold inlay" became particularly popular during the Ming dynasty, enhancing the visual appeal of lacquerware through the contrast of gold against the lacquer surface [7]. Group 4: Exhibition Information - The "Red and Green Compete in Bloom: Treasures of Song, Yuan, and Ming Lacquerware" exhibition is a collaboration between the Shanghai Museum and the Tokyo National Museum, featuring over a hundred cultural treasures from both countries [9]. - The exhibition will conclude on November 23, 2025, providing a rare opportunity to view these lacquer masterpieces that have returned to their homeland [9].