广发金材 | 铜行业专题之二：铜需求——全球新基建周期启航

Core Viewpoint - The long-term outlook for copper demand is optimistic, driven by sectors such as electric vehicles, AI, and power grids, with expectations of a balanced supply-demand situation from 2025 to 2027, leading to an upward trend in copper prices [2][4][67]. Group 1: Copper Demand Drivers - Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to significantly increase copper consumption, with a projected CAGR of 14% from 2025 to 2030, resulting in an annual increase of 21 million tons [11][13][67]. - The AI sector is driving demand for data centers, with an anticipated additional copper requirement of 206 million tons from 2025 to 2030, averaging 34 million tons annually [16][67]. - The power infrastructure cycle, including the upgrade of aging power grid systems and AI-driven resource construction, is expected to stabilize copper demand over the long term [20][68]. Group 2: Regional Insights - In China, stable domestic demand and the development of new productive forces are expected to boost copper demand, particularly through new infrastructure projects [20][69]. - In the United States, the need for power grid updates and expansions is anticipated to support a rebound in copper demand, driven by manufacturing return and energy transition [27][30][69]. - The European Union's focus on renewable energy sources and post-war reconstruction efforts is projected to enhance copper demand [42][69]. - Other regions, such as India and Southeast Asia, are expected to see increased copper demand due to infrastructure investments and manufacturing shifts [45][50][70]. Group 3: Short-term Factors and Market Dynamics - Recent tariff impacts are expected to ease after May 2025, contributing to a more stable outlook for copper demand [4][71]. - The copper market is characterized by regional supply and demand dynamics, with geopolitical factors affecting the flow of copper and creating potential supply risks [62][71]. - The transition from aluminum to copper in certain applications is limited by technical and market challenges, which may not significantly impact overall copper demand in the short term [64][71].