中国人力资本报告：全国劳动力人口平均年龄达39.66岁

Core Insights - China's labor force is experiencing an aging trend, with the average age rising from 32.25 years in 1985 to 39.66 years in 2023 [1][2] - The report indicates a shift from a "quantity advantage" to a "quality and structural advantage" in the labor market, as the country seeks to harness a "new demographic dividend" [5] Labor Force Age Statistics - The average age of the national labor force in 2023 is 39.66 years, with rural males averaging 41.60 years and rural females 39.06 years; urban males average 40.26 years and urban females 38.07 years [2] - The average age in urban areas increased from 33.03 years to 39.25 years, while in rural areas it rose from 31.99 years to 40.54 years from 1985 to 2023 [2] Human Capital Growth - The total human capital of China's labor force reached 112.61 trillion yuan in 2023, an increase of 24.00 trillion yuan from 88.61 trillion yuan in 2022 [5] - The growth in human capital is attributed to the overall improvement in education levels among the workforce, particularly among new entrants compared to retirees [5] Regional Human Capital Rankings - Guangdong ranks first in human capital among provinces, followed by Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Henan; the lowest-ranked provinces are Gansu, Hainan, Ningxia, Tibet, and Qinghai [7] Population Structure Changes - The proportion of the population aged 0-15 years has decreased from 38.61% in 1985 to 22.71% in 2023, while the proportion of those aged 46 to retirement age has increased from 10.44% to 23.80% [8] - The decline in the younger population indicates future labor force age structure trends, with expectations of further reductions in the labor population [9] Policy Implications - The government is implementing systematic policy interventions and cultural guidance to optimize the age structure and quality of the population, aiming to create a family-friendly society to enhance birth rates and support sustainable economic development [9]