“十五五”时期： 如何推进中国特色养老服务体系成熟定型

Core Viewpoint - The aging population in China is accelerating, and the pension service sector is evolving beyond traditional welfare to play a dual role in ensuring social welfare and fostering new economic growth [1] Top-Level Logic - The pension service reform in China has entered a new stage characterized by systematic integration and high efficiency, with over 80 policy documents issued since 2020 [2] - Six core logics have been identified in the current policy design: 1. Universal fairness, emphasizing affordable and quality services for all, particularly vulnerable groups [2] 2. System integration, creating a unified service network that combines home, community, and institutional care [3] 3. Digital empowerment, utilizing technology to enhance service supply and management [3] 4. Grassroots restructuring, focusing on community-based services and regional centers [4] 5. Collaborative governance, involving multiple stakeholders in service provision [4] 6. Safety regulation, strengthening oversight to mitigate risks in the rapidly developing market [4] Reform Practices - Current reform practices exhibit four prominent features: 1. A dual focus on problem-solving and demand-driven initiatives, addressing urgent needs of the elderly [6] 2. Pilot demonstrations and gradual implementation to accumulate experience before broader application [7] 3. Activating existing resources while expanding new ones through government investment and innovative financial tools [7] 4. Combining policy support with market mechanisms to ensure fair competition and service innovation [7] Development Trends - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is expected to bring six strategic transformations in the pension service sector: 1. Transitioning from focusing on key groups to ensuring basic services for all elderly [8] 2. Shifting from supply-side support to demand-side subsidies for elderly individuals [8] 3. Moving from merely providing care to enabling active participation of the elderly in society [8] 4. Emphasizing precision and detail in service delivery amid economic pressures [9] 5. Advancing from information technology to intelligent solutions in service provision [10] 6. Expanding the focus from pension services to the broader silver economy [11] Future Measures - To address challenges and ensure successful implementation of reforms during the "15th Five-Year Plan," five key areas of focus are recommended: 1. Strengthening organizational leadership to integrate pension service construction into broader socio-economic planning [13] 2. Enhancing policy communication and training to ensure effective implementation at all levels [14] 3. Establishing a robust evaluation system for dynamic policy adjustments based on feedback [15] 4. Promoting regional collaboration to address disparities in aging development across regions [15] 5. Deepening the development of the silver economy and fostering new business models in pension services [16]