移芯通信港股IPO：A股辅导备案报告对控股股东认定结果不一致 毛利率畸低靠非经常性损益扭亏或难长久

Core Viewpoint - Shanghai Yixin Communication Technology Co., Ltd. has submitted an IPO application to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, with CITIC Securities International as the sole sponsor. The company faces challenges regarding its profitability and market position, particularly in the 5G sector, where it lags behind competitors [1][4][16]. Group 1: Company Overview - Yixin Communication was established in 2017 and focuses on the research and sales of cellular communication baseband chips. The company has produced multiple models of NB-IoT and Cat.1bis series chips, widely used in various devices [2][17]. - The company has completed six rounds of financing since June 2017, raising approximately 1.419 billion yuan, with notable investors including SoftBank Vision Fund II and other venture capital firms. However, it has not secured new external financing for nearly four years since its C round [2][17]. Group 2: Shareholding Structure - The controlling shareholder of Yixin Communication is Liu Shi, who directly and indirectly controls a total of 32.79% of the company's shares. This shareholding is consistent with the information disclosed in the IPO prospectus [6][22]. - Despite Liu Shi's significant shareholding, the company did not designate him as the controlling shareholder in the IPO application, referring to him only as part of the "largest shareholder group" [1][8]. Group 3: Financial Performance - Yixin Communication's revenue for 2022, 2023, and 2024 was 410 million yuan, 533 million yuan, and 552 million yuan, respectively, with a compound annual growth rate of 16.12%. In the first half of 2025, revenue reached 337 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.96% [8][23]. - The company transitioned from losses to profitability, recording net losses of 98.043 million yuan in 2022 and 159 million yuan in 2023, followed by a net profit of 12.395 million yuan in 2024 and 16.853 million yuan in the first half of 2025. However, as of June 2025, it still had an unabsorbed loss of 231 million yuan [8][23]. Group 4: Business Structure and Market Position - The company's revenue primarily comes from chip sales (NB-IoT and Cat.1bis) and licensing services. While the NB-IoT sector has seen growth, it has been affected by price competition, leading to a decline in revenue for 2023 and 2024, with recovery expected in 2025. The Cat.1bis product line has consistently grown, offsetting the decline in NB-IoT revenue [9][24]. - Yixin Communication is significantly behind in the 5G product market, with its 5G RedCap EC800 model still in pre-tape-out verification and expected to launch in 2026. In contrast, competitors have already released multiple 5G products [9][24][27]. Group 5: Research and Development - The company's R&D expenditures were 104 million yuan, 186 million yuan, 139 million yuan, and 67.967 million yuan over the reporting period, representing 25.5%, 34.9%, 25.1%, and 20.2% of revenue, respectively. This is notably lower than competitors like Aojie Technology, which has a much higher R&D expense ratio [12][27]. - As of June 2025, Yixin Communication had obtained 34 authorized patents, with none related to 5G technology, indicating a potential gap in innovation compared to competitors [12][28].