大力提升居民消费意愿、拓展有效投资空间，国家发改委最新发声

Core Viewpoint - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) emphasizes the need to implement a strategy to expand domestic demand, focusing on enhancing consumer willingness and capacity, and actively expanding effective investment space [1][6]. Group 1: Domestic Demand and Consumer Behavior - Insufficient domestic demand is identified as a major challenge for China's economic operation, with a low consumer rate of 39.9% in 2024, which is 10-30 percentage points lower than developed countries, particularly in service consumption [1][6]. - The NDRC plans to release consumer potential by enhancing consumer willingness through actions such as stabilizing major consumption and implementing a trade-in policy for consumer goods [7][8]. - There is a focus on increasing consumer capacity by prioritizing employment policies, stabilizing and expanding employment through various channels, and implementing a plan to increase urban and rural residents' income [7][8]. Group 2: Investment Landscape - The NDRC notes that the aging population and changes in demographic structure are leading to a natural decline in real estate investment growth, while some manufacturing investments face issues of low-level duplication and homogenization [1][6]. - The NDRC highlights the need to optimize government investment structure, increasing the proportion of investments in people's livelihoods and advancing "two new" and "two heavy" projects to enhance investment efficiency [8]. - There is a call to improve the environment for private investment by establishing long-term mechanisms for private enterprises to participate in major projects and enhancing the role of government investment funds to stimulate private investment [4][8].