学18个月胖东来，永辉亏在房本上

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the contrasting business models of two supermarket chains, Yonghui and Pang Donglai, highlighting how Pang Donglai's ownership of properties and strong brand presence contribute to its profitability, while Yonghui struggles with a lack of real estate assets and effective brand differentiation [1][4][22]. Group 1: Business Model Comparison - Pang Donglai operates its stores in self-owned properties, allowing it to convert fixed rental income into profit-sharing arrangements with brands like DQ and Miniso [1][6]. - Yonghui, in contrast, primarily rents its properties, limiting its ability to generate rental income and forcing it to rely on external landlords [1][8]. - The financial performance of Pang Donglai is bolstered by its ability to attract customers and generate significant foot traffic, enhancing the commercial value of surrounding properties [5][12]. Group 2: Financial Performance and Challenges - Yonghui's recent financial reports indicate a decline in operating cash flow, with a record low of 3.358 billion yuan in cash reserves, marking a ten-year low [14]. - Despite closing underperforming stores, Yonghui's gross margin has not significantly improved, and its single-store revenue increased by 35% post-reform, but this is attributed to the closure of lower-revenue locations [21][19]. - The total cost of store closures from June 2024 to September 2025 reached 1.645 billion yuan, representing 47.12% of Yonghui's net assets as of September 2025 [17][18]. Group 3: Brand and Market Position - Pang Donglai's success is partly due to its strong private label offerings, which allow it to capture higher profit margins compared to traditional retail [22][26]. - Yonghui has struggled to establish its own successful products, with only one item achieving significant sales, indicating a lack of competitive edge in product offerings [23][25]. - The competition from Pang Donglai has led to challenges for Yonghui, as customers often prefer Pang Donglai's products over Yonghui's, further complicating Yonghui's market position [26][28].