【环时深度】全球贸易平衡需要美欧放下零和思维

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that China's trade surplus, exceeding $1 trillion, reflects its deep integration into the global industrial division of labor and its significant contribution to global economic development. It argues that achieving a balance in trade requires cooperation from all countries, rather than unilateral adjustments from China alone [1][11]. Group 1: Trade Surplus and Global Dynamics - The trade surplus is a natural result of market rules and collaborative division of labor, with historical precedents in countries like the UK, US, Japan, and Germany [2]. - Some Western narratives politicize China's trade surplus, reflecting their own efficiency anxieties and cognitive biases, rather than acknowledging China's contributions [2]. - The article critiques the double standards of Western countries that increase domestic subsidies while accusing China of creating overcapacity through subsidies [2][3]. Group 2: Technological and Market Barriers - The US and EU have implemented discriminatory subsidy policies to support domestic industries, such as the US's CHIPS and Science Act and the EU's electric vehicle subsidies, which disadvantage Chinese products [3][5]. - The article highlights the absurdity of the situation where China is accused of "selling without buying" while facing technology blockades that prevent it from acquiring advanced technologies [5][6]. Group 3: China's Import Policies and Global Cooperation - China has actively reduced import tariffs and expanded its market access, demonstrating its commitment to high-level openness and cooperation [7][8]. - The article notes that China's zero-tariff policy for 53 African countries has opened markets for various products, benefiting both sides [8]. - China's market is seen as a significant opportunity for global businesses, with many foreign companies expressing confidence in expanding cooperation with China [8]. Group 4: Trade Balance and Investment - Achieving trade balance is linked to investment, and merely increasing imports or reducing exports is insufficient for true balance [10]. - The article argues that an open global market should accommodate Chinese investments and local development, which would benefit all economies involved [10][11]. - Experts suggest that Western countries should abandon zero-sum thinking to seize development opportunities and promote fair competition [10][11].