世界银行前经济学家姆旺吉·瓦奇拉接受《环球时报》专访：“十五五”蓝图为中外合作提供新机遇

Core Insights - The article emphasizes China's economic resilience and strong innovation capabilities, highlighting the significance of the "15th Five-Year Plan" in guiding future economic and social development [1][9]. Group 1: Economic Strategy - The "14th Five-Year Plan" focused on consolidating export-driven growth while stimulating domestic consumption and promoting green development, shifting the growth engine towards domestic consumers [2]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes "self-reliance in technology," aiming to develop key sectors such as energy, food, medicine, semiconductors, and shipping to reduce dependency risks [2][6]. - The plan aims to enhance the resilience and security of China's economic system through a dual circulation strategy, promoting domestic and international interactions [2][6]. Group 2: Innovation and Growth - Research indicates that various industries in China are prioritizing the cultivation of new productive forces, with R&D investment serving as a key indicator of policy and industry priorities [3]. - The top five industries for R&D investment in 2024 include computer, communication, and electronic equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery, automotive manufacturing, specialized equipment manufacturing, and general equipment manufacturing, reflecting a strong emphasis on innovation [3]. - China's innovation capabilities are increasingly recognized as original breakthroughs rather than mere imitation, challenging the Western narrative of China's technological development [4]. Group 3: Global Implications - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is expected to shift the focus from labor-intensive growth to high-quality development, emphasizing innovation, green transformation, and social inclusivity [9][10]. - This transition is anticipated to create new opportunities for collaboration between China and other Global South countries in industrialization, digitalization, and green development [11]. - The article raises questions about whether other Global South countries can replicate China's leap to high-tech and high-value production without going through labor-intensive growth stages [10].