白春礼：企业基础研究投入不足

Core Viewpoint - The integration of science and technology is accelerating, leading to shorter industry iteration cycles and a shift in international competition, making fundamental research increasingly vital for industrial competitiveness and national strength [2][10]. Group 1: Current Issues in Fundamental Research - National investment in fundamental research is improving but remains low, with only 6.9% of R&D funding allocated to fundamental research, compared to 18% in the US and over 20% in France [2][10]. - Corporate investment in fundamental research is insufficient, with only about 200 billion yuan spent, representing around 1% of total corporate R&D expenditures, indicating a focus on short-term projects rather than long-term foundational research [3][11]. - Companies face three main barriers in conducting fundamental research: unstable expectations leading to reluctance to invest, lack of long-term capital and risk-sharing mechanisms, and insufficient organizational capabilities to sustain systematic research efforts [4][11]. Group 2: Trends and Government Initiatives - The government is working to integrate companies more deeply into the fundamental research system, encouraging them to participate as problem solvers rather than just users, as evidenced by the establishment of a joint fund for private enterprises [4][12]. - Despite these efforts, few large enterprises have the capacity for stable, long-term investment in fundamental research, indicating a need for stronger collaboration and support mechanisms [4][12]. Group 3: Recommendations for Improvement - Companies should be included in the national strategic task system for fundamental research, creating a stable framework for participation and focusing on major national strategic needs [5][13]. - There is a need for improved incentives and risk-sharing mechanisms to encourage long-term investment in fundamental research, including optimizing tax policies and developing patient capital [6][14]. - A collaborative platform between research institutions and enterprises should be established to enhance the integration of fundamental research with industrial innovation, moving from isolated projects to long-term partnerships [7][15]. - Strengthening talent supply and reforming evaluation systems are essential to create an environment that supports corporate fundamental research, emphasizing the importance of talent mobility and long-term evaluation criteria [7][15].