【中国新闻网】中国团队独创技术获得5种二维金属 入选2025年十大科学突破

Core Insights - The research team led by Zhang Guangyu from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has achieved a significant breakthrough by successfully fabricating the first examples of two-dimensional metals, which has been recognized in the "Top Ten Scientific Breakthroughs of 2025" by Physics World [3][4] - This achievement fills a critical gap in material science, as it is the only Chinese result included in this year's list, highlighting the team's innovative approach and the importance of their findings [3][6] Summary by Categories Breakthrough Achievement - The team developed a unique "van der Waals squeezing technology" that allows for the universal fabrication of two-dimensional metals at atomic-level thickness, successfully producing five types of two-dimensional metals: bismuth (6.3Å), tin (5.8Å), lead (7.5Å), indium (8.4Å), and gallium (9.2Å) [4][6] - These materials are incredibly thin, measuring only one two-hundred-thousandth of a human hair's diameter and one-millionth of the thickness of an A4 paper [4] Technical Advantages - The fabricated two-dimensional metals exhibit over one year of performance stability in environmental conditions and possess non-bonding interfaces, laying the groundwork for exploring intrinsic material properties [4] - Electrical tests indicate that the room temperature conductivity of monolayer bismuth is over an order of magnitude higher than that of bulk bismuth, demonstrating unique P-type field effect characteristics with resistance adjustable by gate voltage by 35% [4] Future Implications - This breakthrough not only fills a key puzzle piece in the family of two-dimensional materials but also opens up new research fields, with potential applications in high-temperature quantum Hall effects, two-dimensional superconductivity, low-power transistors, high-frequency devices, and ultra-sensitive detectors [6] - Currently, only five out of 88 metallic elements have been realized as two-dimensional metals, indicating that there are thousands of potential two-dimensional metal materials yet to be explored, suggesting vast development opportunities in this area [6]