蔡昉：年轻群体与大龄劳动者面临就业困难，应该消除就业歧视和技能缺口

Core Insights - The employment challenges faced by young and older workers are critical factors affecting future employment quality and necessitate targeted upgrades in public employment services [2][5] Group 1: Employment Challenges - Young laborers have a long-term low employment rate, exacerbated by AI technologies like ChatGPT, which can replace entry-level jobs traditionally held by recent graduates [1][3] - Older laborers face compounded challenges, including lower average education levels and poorer physical health, making it difficult to keep pace with industry changes and technological advancements [1][4] Group 2: Public Employment Services - There is a need for public employment services to provide skills training tailored to market demands for young workers and to create platforms for skill enhancement for older workers [2][5] - The elimination of employment discrimination and skill gaps is essential, along with innovative mechanisms to protect the rights of new employment forms and address traditional social security coverage issues [2][5] Group 3: Resource Allocation - The reallocation of educational resources, particularly in light of declining enrollment in early childhood to vocational education, is recommended to support human capital development [2][5]