中国工程院院士贺克斌：环境改善可为老龄化社会带来巨大健康收益

Core Insights - Extreme weather events are identified as the biggest threat to the global economy in the next decade, with a shift from "resource dependency" to "technology dependency" in energy systems, emphasizing the importance of establishing a stable renewable energy technology system [1][6] - China has achieved a leading position in the renewable energy sector, with renewable energy installed capacity nearing 1.9 billion kilowatts and energy storage capacity reaching 70 million kilowatts by the end of 2024, both ranking first globally [1][6] - The dual carbon action plan is expected to significantly improve environmental conditions, with PM2.5 levels projected to drop to around 8 by 2060 through carbon peak and neutrality efforts, enhancing air quality in northern regions [7] Renewable Energy Development - China contributes 55% of the global increase in renewable energy generation, with one-third of its electricity coming from clean energy sources [1][6] - The country leads in solar energy technology, accounting for over 80% of global production, and is at the forefront of onshore and offshore wind energy [8] - The development of disruptive technologies, such as high-altitude wind energy and nuclear fusion, presents significant potential for future energy solutions [8] Supply Chain and Resource Challenges - The global carbon neutrality process faces challenges in technological innovation, supply chain support, and mechanism guarantees, with mineral resource constraints being particularly critical [9] - China holds a unique advantage in the renewable energy supply chain, being a leader in rare earth material processing and battery technology [9] - The limited availability of relevant mineral resources and low recycling rates of electronic waste highlight the need for circular economy solutions in the renewable energy sector [9]