Bank of Japan is poised to raise rates to a 30-year high despite economic weakness

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan is expected to raise benchmark interest rates to their highest level in 30 years, aiming for policy normalization after a prolonged period of low rates [1][2]. Group 1: Interest Rate Hike - The anticipated rate hike could increase rates to 0.75%, the highest since 1995, with an 86.4% probability of this occurring [2]. - A rate increase is likely to strengthen the yen against the dollar and help contain inflation, which has exceeded the BOJ's target for 43 consecutive months [2][3]. Group 2: Economic Context - Japan's economy contracted by 0.6% quarter on quarter and 2.3% on an annualized basis in the third quarter, indicating a weak economic environment [3]. - Experts suggest that the market's focus will shift to the BOJ's commentary following the rate decision, as nuances in communication will influence market reactions [3]. Group 3: Neutral Rate Insights - Governor Kazuo Ueda indicated that estimating the neutral or terminal rate, which balances inflation and economic growth, is challenging, with the BOJ estimating it to be between 1% and 2.5% [4]. - Ueda emphasized the need for the BOJ to guide monetary policy despite the uncertainty surrounding the exact neutral rate [5]. - An updated estimate on the neutral rate may be provided after the upcoming meeting [5].