白春礼院士：发展耐心资本，健全风险补偿机制

Core Viewpoint - The integration of science and technology is accelerating, leading to shorter industry iteration cycles and rapid evolution of technological routes, making fundamental research a key factor in industrial competition and national competitiveness [1][2] Group 1: Role of Enterprises - Enterprises are becoming the main body of technological innovation decision-making, R&D investment, achievement transformation, and industrial application [1] - Companies are increasingly close to real demands, scenarios, and cost boundaries, indicating their growing strength in the innovation ecosystem [1] - In some cutting-edge fields, enterprises are surpassing the scientific community in terms of funding, computing power, data, engineering platforms, and talent aggregation capabilities [1] Group 2: Recommendations for Promoting Basic Research - It is suggested to improve incentive and risk-sharing mechanisms to ensure long-term investments yield long-term returns [2] - Optimizing fiscal and tax incentive policies is essential to enhance support for basic research investments [2] - Developing patient capital and establishing risk compensation mechanisms can provide stable funding sources and institutional guarantees for long-cycle research [2] - Incorporating enterprise basic research into national strategic task systems can create stable traction and long-term arrangements [2] - A collaborative platform system between research institutions and enterprises should be established to effectively combine the capabilities of both [2] - Reforming talent supply and evaluation systems is necessary to support enterprises in conducting basic research, emphasizing originality, breakthrough, and systemic contributions [2]