Why This Retirement Number Could Be More Important Than Your 401(k)

Core Insights - The balance of a 401(k) is not the sole indicator of retirement readiness; the income replacement ratio is a more reliable measure of financial security in retirement [2][3][4] Group 1: Retirement Savings Perception - A survey indicates that Americans believe $1.3 million is the ideal retirement savings target, yet nearly half expect to retire with less than $500,000 [3] - A $1 million balance, when withdrawn at the 4% rule, yields only $40,000 annually before taxes, which may not be sufficient considering longer life spans and rising costs [3][4] Group 2: Current Savings Statistics - The average 401(k) balance for Generation X is approximately $190,000, while Baby Boomers nearing retirement have an average of about $250,000 [4] - Withdrawals at the 4% rate from these averages would only replace about $10,000 per year, highlighting the inadequacy of lump sum figures alone [4] Group 3: Income Replacement Ratio - Traditional advice suggests aiming to replace 75% to 85% of final after-tax salary, but this is not universally applicable [6] - Social Security is designed to replace about 40% of pre-retirement earnings, with lower-income workers receiving a higher percentage [7] - Households without pensions should aim to replace at least 45% of pre-retirement income through savings [7] Group 4: Personalized Retirement Planning - Individuals should calculate their own income replacement ratio by subtracting expected Social Security and pension income from their target percentage [8] - Most households should target a replacement of 70% to 85% of pre-retirement income, combining savings withdrawals with Social Security [9] - Adjustments in contribution mix, claiming age, and financial products like annuities can help achieve personalized retirement goals [9]