Core Insights - The HAIC 2025 conference showcased the evolution of AI computing in China, emphasizing a shift from single-point technological breakthroughs to a systematic and ecological high-quality development phase in AI computing [1][10]. Group 1: Hardware Innovations - The scaleX万卡超集群, a significant hardware innovation, consists of 16 supernodes and supports 10,240 AI accelerator cards, achieving a total computing power exceeding 5 EFLOPS, with a power usage effectiveness (PUE) as low as 1.04 [3][12]. - The system's design based on "AI computing open architecture" allows compatibility with multiple brands of accelerator cards and optimizes over 400 mainstream large models [3][12]. - The commercial status of supernodes is promising, with expected increases in orders for the coming year, and liquid cooling technology is anticipated to become a primary development direction due to rising CPU/GPU power consumption [3][12]. Group 2: System-Level Breakthroughs - The focus on system-level architecture is crucial for enhancing domestic computing capabilities, as highlighted by industry experts who noted that the growth of domestic computing has exceeded 10 times in the past two years [4][13]. - The transition from "single cabinet" to "万卡集群" represents a systemic engineering innovation that breaks through the bottleneck of computing scale expansion, indicating a shift in AI computing competition towards system engineering capabilities and software collaboration [4][13]. Group 3: Open Ecosystem Development - The conference emphasized "open" and "ecosystem" as key themes, addressing the software layer bottlenecks in domestic intelligent computing and the need for affordable high-efficiency computing for SMEs and research institutions [5][14]. - The current AI computing ecosystem faces challenges such as high application migration costs and resource mismatches, which the open architecture aims to resolve by establishing unified interfaces and standards [6][15]. - Several companies showcased solutions based on a unified software stack, which includes optimizations that significantly reduce end-to-end latency and enhance the availability of large-scale clusters to 99.99% [6][15]. Group 4: Collaborative Ecosystem Initiatives - The conference served as a platform for strategic collaborations among major companies, focusing on AI computing hardware and software system optimization, as well as innovations in world models and embodied intelligence applications [8][18]. - Initiatives such as the "光耀百城2.0" aim to promote the large-scale implementation of open architecture products and solutions across various sectors, with a focus on reducing barriers for SMEs [8][18]. - The industry is increasingly focused on collaborative efforts to tackle system-level hardware and software adaptation challenges under the open architecture framework, facilitating the integration of AI and computing technologies into sectors like intelligent manufacturing and automotive [9][18].