从月壤到“月宫”！中国科学家“解锁”智造月球科研站

Core Insights - The article discusses China's advancements in lunar resource utilization and the development of autonomous construction technologies on the moon, emphasizing the shift from sample return missions to in-situ resource utilization [1][5]. Group 1: Lunar Construction Technologies - The focus is on "in-situ autonomous manufacturing" using lunar regolith as a primary building material, with solar energy being harnessed to create high-temperature conditions for 3D printing [1][3]. - A "lunar regolith in-situ 3D printing system" has been demonstrated, showcasing the potential for constructing durable structures on the moon [1]. - Researchers are exploring methods to create high-performance fibers from lunar regolith, which could lead to new engineering materials suitable for the moon's environment [3]. Group 2: Collaborative Efforts and Future Plans - China has established partnerships with over 60 international research institutions in the field of deep space exploration, promoting a collaborative approach to lunar resource development [4]. - Various universities in China are proposing different designs for lunar bases, indicating a broad range of innovative ideas for future lunar habitation [4]. - The National Space Administration of China aims to achieve the first human landing on the moon by 2030 and establish a basic international lunar research station by 2035 [5]. Group 3: Technological Challenges and Solutions - The extreme conditions on the moon, including temperature fluctuations, vacuum, and radiation, pose significant challenges for manufacturing equipment, necessitating reliable long-term operation [3]. - Future lunar construction will require a heterogeneous robot swarm capable of collaborative operations, with a focus on developing "collective intelligence" for autonomous and efficient teamwork [3][4].