厌食症就是不想吃饭、讨厌吃饭？出现这些症状要重视

Core Viewpoint - Anorexia nervosa is a psychological disorder characterized by extreme food restriction, significant weight loss, intense fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image. It is not simply a dislike of food but involves a complex interplay of psychological and physiological factors [1][5]. Group 1: Psychological and Physiological Effects - Individuals with low carbohydrate intake may experience emotional issues such as depression and irritability, alongside physiological symptoms like dry skin, hair loss, and endocrine disorders [3]. - Long-term anorexia can lead to severe health complications including low blood pressure, slowed heart rate, anemia, constipation, amenorrhea, and stunted growth during puberty, with a high mortality rate among patients due to malnutrition-related complications or suicide [5]. Group 2: Causes and Risk Factors - Anorexia nervosa can arise from multiple factors, including excessive dieting, biological influences, societal pressures for thinness, and personality traits such as introversion, low self-esteem, and anxiety [6][7]. - The disorder is increasingly affecting younger individuals, with cases reported in children as young as 12 years old, indicating a trend towards earlier onset [9]. Group 3: Treatment Approaches - Effective treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach involving psychiatric care, endocrinology, nutrition, and rehabilitation [9]. - Psychological therapy aims to adjust patients' cognitive perceptions and alleviate anxiety, while nutritional interventions help restore normal eating patterns. Medication may be used to support neurological function during recovery [11].