这些有趣的动物“冷知识”，你知道几个？

Group 1 - The research team from Kunming Institute of Zoology has sequenced the genomes of 17 ancient dogs, marking the first acquisition of ancient dog genomes from China, and constructed a lineage evolution map of domestic dogs from East Asia to Western Eurasia [1][2] - The study reveals that a unique ancient lineage of domestic dogs existed in China 5,000 years ago, with subsequent genetic influx from Siberian and Western ancient dog lineages, indicating a significant historical connection between dog migration and human movements [1][2] - The findings suggest that the movement of dog lineages over the past 10,000 years reflects the interconnectedness of ancient civilizations, with implications for exploring genetic resources in other domesticated animals [2] Group 2 - The Kunming Institute has initiated a "Macaque Biological Resource Bank" project, collecting genomic data from 919 Chinese macaques, revealing unique genetic advantages such as higher genetic diversity and lower genetic load [3] - The study identifies harmful mutations in the DISC1 gene that lead to phenotypes in macaques similar to human mental disorders, providing an ideal animal model for mental health research [3] - Significant differences in drug target gene functions among individual macaques suggest the need for genotyping or sequencing before conducting pharmacological evaluations [3] Group 3 - The international "Primate Genome Project" led by Kunming Institute has elucidated the evolutionary history and population dynamics of gibbons, providing a comprehensive genomic dataset covering 18 extant gibbon species [4] - The research identifies a specific deletion in a regulatory region of core genes controlling limb development, which may have played a crucial role in the evolution of elongated limbs in gibbons [4] - Experimental results from transgenic mouse models indicate that the structural variation associated with gibbons leads to significant relative growth of limb bones compared to wild-type mice, supporting the evolutionary significance of this genetic change [4]