学习规划建议每日问答丨怎样理解稳步发展期货、衍生品和资产证券化

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government emphasizes the need to steadily develop futures, derivatives, and asset securitization as essential measures to establish a well-structured financial market system and accelerate the construction of a financial powerhouse, which will enhance financial product diversity, improve market completeness, and strengthen financial services for the real economy and risk management [1] Group 1: Derivatives Market - Derivatives, including futures, are crucial financial tools in modern markets, serving functions such as price discovery and risk management. In 2024, the trading volume of derivatives in China's interbank market is expected to exceed 230 trillion yuan [2] - Interest rate derivatives are primarily used for hedging and risk management, helping institutions mitigate risks associated with interest rate fluctuations. For instance, during a period of declining interest rates in 2024, institutions utilized interest rate swaps to prevent potential net value declines and asset sell-offs [2] - The development of the derivatives market in China is lagging, with the daily trading volume of interest rate derivatives compared to the outstanding balance of government bonds at only about 0.8%, significantly lower than the 8%-9% ratio seen in the US and Eurozone [2] Group 2: Regulatory and Market Development - To address inherent risks in economic and financial activities, there is a need for a more comprehensive understanding and improvement of the derivatives market, including optimizing regulatory approaches and allowing more qualified entities to access derivatives [3] - Strengthening regulatory capabilities is essential to avoid systemic risks, enhance transparency, and improve regulatory effectiveness while increasing tolerance for normal market fluctuations [3] - Financial institutions are encouraged to develop internal management systems tailored to derivatives business characteristics, improve hedge accounting, and build a workforce skilled in pricing, valuation, and risk control [3] Group 3: Asset Securitization - Asset securitization plays a vital role in revitalizing existing assets, stabilizing macro leverage ratios, optimizing asset-liability structures, and broadening financing channels. It can convert existing assets into liquid financial products, enhancing market depth and meeting investor demand [4] - Financial institutions can provide financing without expanding their balance sheets, which helps stabilize and reduce leverage, shifting the development model from debt-driven to asset-driven [4] - The asset securitization market in China has entered a normalization phase since 2014, with annual issuance reaching around 2 trillion yuan, but issues such as unclear underlying legal relationships and high issuance management costs hinder market depth [4] Group 4: Future Development of Asset Securitization - The asset securitization market has significant potential in China's economic transformation, necessitating a focus on serving key sectors of the real economy and enhancing market infrastructure for long-term healthy development [5] - There is a need to improve the legal framework and supporting arrangements for the market, ensuring clear rights and obligations among participants and optimizing issuance management mechanisms [5] - Efforts should be made to diversify investors and enhance the secondary market, including building a robust valuation system and improving liquidity in the secondary market [5]