美国能在2028年前重返月球吗？

Core Points - The article discusses President Trump's signing of an executive order titled "Ensuring America's Space Dominance," which aims to return Americans to the Moon by 2028 through the Artemis program [1] - Concerns are raised regarding the appointment of Jared Isaacman as NASA Administrator, given his lack of federal experience and close ties to Elon Musk, which may influence NASA's priorities [2][3] - The political environment poses uncertainties for the manned lunar program, as it requires stable funding and support, which is challenged by increasing political polarization and potential government shutdowns [4] - The Artemis program is significantly behind schedule, with at least 8 out of 13 critical tasks lagging, and issues with key components like the Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System [5][6] Group 1: Executive Order and Artemis Program - President Trump signed an executive order to ensure the U.S. returns to the Moon by 2028 through the Artemis program, which has faced delays and challenges [1] - The Artemis program was initiated during Trump's first term but has seen slow progress, raising doubts about meeting the 2028 deadline [1] Group 2: Concerns Over NASA Leadership - Jared Isaacman, a private astronaut and entrepreneur, was appointed as NASA Administrator, raising concerns due to his lack of government experience and close relationship with Elon Musk [2][3] - Isaacman's potential influence on NASA's priorities could shift focus towards Mars exploration, possibly hindering the lunar landing plans [3] Group 3: Political and Funding Challenges - The manned lunar program requires long-term political support and funding, which is uncertain due to the current polarized political climate [4] - The U.S. government experienced a record 43-day shutdown, impacting NASA's operations and funding stability [4] Group 4: Project Delays and Technical Issues - The Artemis program is heavily reliant on outsourcing, with multiple companies involved in key components, leading to significant delays [5] - NASA's review reports indicate that critical tasks are falling behind schedule, with technical design flaws in the Orion spacecraft and delays in the Space Launch System [5][6] - NASA plans to reopen contracts for the Artemis 3 lunar lander due to delays from SpaceX, indicating ongoing challenges in meeting project timelines [5][6]