俄罗斯增长放缓但可控

Economic Overview - In 2025, the Russian economy is expected to experience a controlled cooling period, with GDP growth projected to decline to around 1% after reaching a 12-year high of 4.3% in 2024 [1] - The economic slowdown is attributed to weak production growth, reduced consumer spending, and declining contributions from key sectors [1][2] GDP and Growth Projections - The Russian Academy of Sciences predicts a GDP growth of 0.7% for 2025, while some commercial banks estimate it at 0.9% [2] - Industrial production remains a significant driver of economic growth, with manufacturing, particularly machinery and chemical production, showing stable contributions [2] Inflation and Monetary Policy - Inflation pressure is easing, with the inflation rate dropping to 6.6% in November from a high of 10.34% in March, although it remains above the central bank's target of 4% [3] - The central bank has more room to ease monetary policy due to the declining inflation and cooling domestic demand [3] Currency and Debt Dynamics - The real effective exchange rate of the ruble has appreciated significantly, increasing by 25.2% from January to November [3][4] - Public debt has risen by 10.1% to 32.98 trillion rubles, with domestic debt increasing while external debt has decreased [4] Future Economic Strategy - The Russian government is focusing on structural economic reforms aimed at creating high-tech industries and high-value production jobs, with a plan extending to 2030 [7] - Balancing inflation control, exchange rate stability, and growth is emphasized as crucial for achieving national development goals [7]