北京日报纪事：复活一个失落的王朝，让西夏不再神秘

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "Peach Blossom Stone under Helan Mountain" showcased the rich cultural heritage of the Western Xia dynasty, highlighting its significance in understanding the multi-ethnic fabric of Chinese civilization and its historical contributions [1][10][48]. Summary by Sections Exhibition Overview - The exhibition marked the first major gathering of Western Xia artifacts since the successful application for UNESCO World Heritage status, featuring 103 items, one-third of which are national first-class cultural relics [6][7]. - The artifacts included ceramics, gold and silver items, inscriptions, sculptures, and architectural components, primarily sourced from the Western Xia tombs [6][7]. Historical Context - The Western Xia dynasty, established by the Tangut people, lasted for 189 years and covered an area of 1.15 million square kilometers, yet it was largely forgotten due to its destruction by the Mongol Empire [1][11]. - The dynasty's cultural and political significance is underscored by its unique contributions to Chinese history, including the creation of its own script and the integration of various cultural elements from neighboring regions [11][36]. Cultural Artifacts - Notable artifacts include the gilded bronze cow, weighing 188 kilograms, which reflects the transition from a nomadic to an agrarian society and the adoption of Central Plains technology [7][9]. - The exhibition also featured the earliest known wooden movable type printing from the Western Xia, providing evidence of advanced printing technology predating the commonly attributed invention by Bi Sheng of the Song dynasty [9][10]. Archaeological Discoveries - The discovery of the Western Xia tombs began in 1971, leading to significant archaeological findings that have gradually revealed the dynasty's history and culture [22][23]. - The tombs exhibit a blend of architectural styles, reflecting both the influence of Central Plains culture and the unique characteristics of the Tangut people [36][37]. UNESCO Heritage Status - The Western Xia tombs were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List after a 9-minute discussion at the 47th World Heritage Conference, highlighting their recognized cultural importance [50][51]. - The successful application for heritage status is seen as a culmination of years of research and preservation efforts, ensuring the legacy of the Western Xia dynasty is acknowledged and protected [51][53].