三星堆的眼睛：透视出他们的天上人间

Core Viewpoint - The article explores the unique artistic expressions of the Sanxingdui culture, particularly focusing on the significance of eye motifs in bronze statues and masks, which are believed to be related to ancient rituals and beliefs [1][2]. Group 1: Artistic Features - The Sanxingdui site is renowned for its distinctive bronze figures and masks, characterized by exaggerated eye shapes that have become iconic symbols of the site [1]. - The bronze figures typically feature prominent eyes, with two main styles: one with almond-shaped eyes and another with protruding cylindrical pupils [2][4]. - Eye-shaped bronze ornaments found in sacrificial pits suggest a ritualistic significance, possibly used in the assembly of masks and statues [2][3]. Group 2: Cultural Significance - Scholars agree that the unique styles of the Sanxingdui figures and masks are linked to religious practices, although definitive textual evidence is lacking [2]. - The concept of eye worship is central to the spiritual world of the ancient Shu people, as indicated by various historical texts and archaeological findings [2][9]. - The exaggerated representation of eyes in Sanxingdui art reflects a deep cultural expression rather than mere artistic imagination, indicating a sophisticated understanding of human anatomy [8]. Group 3: Comparative Analysis - The stone figures from Sanxingdui exhibit simpler facial features compared to the bronze figures, suggesting a different artistic approach and possibly a different function [4]. - The discovery of kneeling stone figures with similar artistic traits in related cultures, such as the Twelve Bridges and Jinsha cultures, indicates a shared artistic tradition in the region [4]. - The recent findings of bronze kneeling figures with unique hairstyles and clothing styles suggest interactions with cultures from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River [6].