美国复活超级战列舰有多难

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Navy is set to construct a new class of battleships named the "Trump" class, which will be the first battleships built since 1944, raising questions about the U.S.'s capability to build such super warships in the modern era [1][3]. Group 1: Specifications and Features - The "Trump" class battleship will have a displacement of over 35,000 tons and will be classified as a guided missile battleship, with the first ship named "Fearless" (BBG-1) [3][4]. - It will feature modern armaments including hypersonic missiles, a 32-megajoule electromagnetic railgun, and various laser interception systems, making it heavily armed [4][5]. - The battleship will measure between 840-880 feet (approximately 256-268 meters) in length and will have a maximum speed exceeding 30 knots, with a crew of approximately 650-850 personnel [4][5]. Group 2: Historical Context and Comparison - Historically, battleships were the core vessels of naval fleets until the rise of aircraft carriers, with the last U.S. battleships being the Iowa class, which saw action in the Gulf War before being retired [3][4]. - The "Trump" class battleship will surpass the current largest surface combatant, the Zumwalt-class destroyer, which has a displacement of 15,000 tons [4][5]. Group 3: Construction and Economic Implications - The U.S. Navy plans to build 10 "Trump" class battleships, with potential for up to 25, at an estimated cost of $10 billion to $15 billion each [8][9]. - The construction of these battleships is seen as vital for revitalizing the U.S. shipbuilding industry, with jobs expected to be created across various states [10]. Group 4: Challenges and Concerns - There are significant concerns regarding the U.S. Navy's declining shipbuilding capacity, with many shipyards having transitioned or closed since World War II, limiting the ability to construct such large vessels [9][10]. - The availability of skilled labor is also a concern, as the shipbuilding industry may struggle to find enough workers to meet the demands of constructing the "Trump" class battleships [10]. Group 5: Strategic Relevance - Critics argue that in the current era of naval warfare, characterized by the use of unmanned vessels and hypersonic weapons, smaller and more agile ships may be more effective than large battleships [11]. - The "Trump" class battleship's design may contradict the U.S. Navy's recent focus on distributed maritime operations, which emphasizes a networked approach using smaller platforms [11].