肠道小脾气——肠易激综合征

Group 1 - The core concept of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is that it is a functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort or pain associated with changes in bowel habits, without any organic disease present [2][3] - IBS primarily affects individuals aged 18-59, with a slightly higher prevalence in females compared to males [2] - The diagnosis of IBS is based on the Rome IV criteria, which require the exclusion of structural abnormalities and the presence of recurrent abdominal pain occurring at least once a week over the last three months, along with specific bowel-related symptoms [3] Group 2 - IBS can be classified into four types based on stool form: diarrhea-predominant (IBS-D), constipation-predominant (IBS-C), mixed (IBS-M), and unclassified (IBS-U), with IBS-D being the most common [4] - The causes of IBS include visceral hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal motility abnormalities, nervous system dysfunction, intestinal infections, dysbiosis, and psychological factors such as anxiety and depression [5][6] Group 3 - IBS symptoms can be triggered by factors such as gastrointestinal infections, food intolerances, chronic stress, abdominal surgery, and certain medications [6] - Although IBS primarily presents with gastrointestinal symptoms, it can also affect digestive function and lead to other systemic symptoms, including fatigue and urinary urgency [6] Group 4 - Treatment for IBS focuses on symptom relief and improving quality of life through individualized strategies, including identifying and avoiding triggers, dietary adjustments, and the use of medications such as antispasmodics, antidepressants, and probiotics [7] - It is important for individuals experiencing IBS symptoms to seek medical advice from relevant specialties, such as gastroenterology and psychology, as the condition can impact overall quality of life [7]