选择性补贴调查严重损害中欧经贸合作

Core Viewpoint - The European Commission's Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) is perceived as discriminatory against Chinese companies, leading to significant operational challenges and financial losses for these firms in the EU market [1][3][4]. Group 1: FSR Implementation and Impact - The FSR, effective from July 2023, mandates companies involved in EU public tenders or mergers exceeding certain thresholds to declare foreign subsidies received [1]. - Since its implementation, the European Commission has received 2,100 declarations but has only conducted three in-depth investigations, all targeting Chinese technology firms in the renewable energy and transportation sectors [2]. - The FSR has reportedly caused direct and indirect losses to Chinese companies amounting to approximately €2.1 billion [3]. Group 2: Legal and Operational Challenges - The lack of transparency in the FSR's enforcement has raised concerns about "black box" governance, with limited information available even for investigated cases [2]. - Compliance with the FSR imposes significant administrative burdens on companies, requiring extensive data collection on foreign subsidies, which can include loans, capital injections, debt relief, and tax benefits [3]. Group 3: Broader Economic Implications - The FSR is seen as damaging to the EU's business environment, creating administrative pressures not only for Chinese firms but also for other international companies operating in the EU [3]. - The regulation is criticized for potentially undermining EU-China economic cooperation, which is vital for energy transition, supply chain security, and infrastructure development [4].