韩报告对比中韩日制造业出口竞争力：“除半导体外，中国全面领先日韩”

Core Insights - China's manufacturing export competitiveness is rapidly expanding in the East Asian market, significantly distancing itself from South Korea and Japan, reshaping the regional manufacturing landscape [1][2] Group 1: Comparative Competitiveness - The report compares the export competitiveness of China, South Korea, and Japan across five major manufacturing sectors: semiconductors, automobiles, machinery, steel, and chemicals, indicating that China has surpassed both countries in most categories except semiconductors [2][3] - Over the past five years, China has shown a significant lead in export scale and overall competitiveness in traditional manufacturing sectors, while South Korea and Japan's competitiveness is increasingly concentrated in a few core areas [2][3] Group 2: Sector-Specific Analysis - In the semiconductor sector, South Korea has seen its competitiveness rise to first place due to stable demand for its products, while its automotive sector has fallen to the bottom among the three countries due to lagging price competitiveness and environmental vehicle production capabilities [3] - China's advantages in machinery and chemicals have been reinforced, and it has now overtaken South Korea and Japan in the automotive and steel sectors, leading to a comprehensive competitiveness ranking at the top [2][3] Group 3: Structural Changes and Long-Term Trends - The strengthening of China's export competitiveness is attributed to structural changes across the manufacturing sector, driven by a decade-long push for high-end manufacturing and technological independence [4][5] - South Korea's reliance on a single industry, particularly semiconductors, raises concerns about its manufacturing future, as the country faces pressures in non-semiconductor sectors [4][5] Group 4: Japan's Manufacturing Challenges - Japan's manufacturing sector is struggling, with competitiveness declining in key areas such as automobiles, semiconductors, steel, and chemicals, highlighting structural limitations in traditional manufacturing [6][7] - Japan's export share in critical sectors like electric vehicles has been in decline, while China's export scale has been rapidly increasing [7] Group 5: Factors Behind China's Competitive Edge - China's manufacturing competitiveness is increasingly attributed to factors beyond low-cost exports, including enhanced domestic competition, economies of scale, and continuous investment in research and development [7] - The reduction in import dependency across various industrial sectors indicates a strengthening of China's internal supply chain capabilities, contributing to its sustained international competitiveness [7]