教育部学位管理与研究生教育司负责人就《博士硕士学位授予资格审核办法》答记者问

Core Viewpoint - The newly revised "Measures for the Review of Doctoral and Master's Degree Granting Qualifications" aims to optimize graduate education and discipline settings in response to national strategic needs and technological development [2][3]. Group 1: Background of the Revision - The revision is driven by the central government's emphasis on graduate education and discipline optimization, with the State Council's Degree Committee having conducted 14 rounds of degree granting qualification reviews since 1980 [2]. - As of now, there are 504 doctoral degree granting institutions and 863 master's degree granting institutions in China, reflecting an ongoing optimization of discipline structures and enhancement of high-level talent cultivation capabilities [2]. Group 2: Key Directives of the Revision - The revision emphasizes three main directives: 1. Strategic Demand: Aligning degree granting qualifications with national strategic needs and enhancing talent supply-demand adaptability [4]. 2. Reform and Decentralization: Expanding the autonomy of local governments and universities in discipline settings, allowing for dynamic adjustments [4]. 3. Quality Standards: Establishing strict quality standards and regulatory mechanisms to ensure orderly and standardized review processes [4]. Group 3: Implementation of Extraordinary Layout Review - The extraordinary layout review mechanism is designed to quickly establish degree granting points in response to urgent national needs, such as the recent pilot for low-altitude technology and engineering [5][6]. - The State Council's Degree Committee will refine this mechanism based on pilot experiences, focusing on strategic emerging industries and enhancing adaptability in discipline settings [6]. Group 4: Expansion of Autonomous Review Units - Since 2017, 38 universities have been approved as autonomous review units, which can independently conduct reviews for new degree granting points [7][8]. - A total of 441 doctoral points and 454 master's points have been added through this autonomous review process, with a focus on key areas like integrated circuits and artificial intelligence [8]. Group 5: Role of Provincial Degree Committees - Provincial degree committees are tasked with optimizing local discipline settings and ensuring that degree granting points align with regional economic needs [9]. - They are responsible for dynamically adjusting degree granting points and maintaining quality standards in the review process [9]. Group 6: Quality Assurance Measures - Quality assurance is critical, with strict adherence to review procedures and conditions to ensure high standards in degree granting qualifications [10]. - The State Council's Degree Committee will conduct evaluations every three years and monitor the quality of newly established degree granting points [10].