气候风险管理体系更健全

Group 1 - Climate risk is increasingly recognized as a critical factor for financial stability, prompting financial institutions to enhance their risk identification, measurement, management, and pricing capabilities to ensure robust operations and fulfill social responsibilities [1][2] - The Netherlands Central Bank and the Bank of England have initiated significant measures, such as simulating asset value changes under different carbon pricing paths and conducting climate-related stress tests, to assess the long-term impacts of climate change on financial stability [1][2] - The Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS), initiated by multiple central banks including the People's Bank of China, serves as a core international platform to integrate climate risk into financial regulatory frameworks, providing climate scenario models and risk assessment methodologies [1][2] Group 2 - China has prioritized the relationship between climate change and financial stability, with policies like the "Meteorological High-Quality Development Outline (2022-2035)" promoting the inclusion of climate risk in macro-prudential management and the establishment of climate risk stress testing systems [2][3] - Banks are innovating climate-friendly financial products, while insurance companies are collaborating with meteorological departments to develop products like meteorological index insurance and catastrophe bonds, enhancing risk reduction services related to weather disasters [2][3] Group 3 - Reinsurance plays a crucial role in managing climate risk by enhancing the underwriting capacity of the insurance industry and preventing systemic risks from major disasters [3][4] - Future efforts in reinsurance should focus on industry collaboration, standard-setting, and improving resilience within the financial system through partnerships with academic institutions, meteorological agencies, and emergency management departments [3][4] Group 4 - Climate risk management must be integrated into the overall financial governance framework, emphasizing a systemic approach and enhancing the resilience of the financial system against climate-related shocks [4] - Financial institutions are encouraged to strengthen their capabilities in climate risk identification, assessment, and monitoring, while optimizing asset allocation and risk mitigation strategies to maintain stability amid climate changes [4]