为产业纾困，为竞争破局：商务部对欧盟乳制品采取反补贴措施

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Commerce of China has announced a preliminary ruling on anti-subsidy investigations into dairy products imported from the EU, confirming that these products are subsidized and have caused substantial harm to the domestic dairy industry, with a causal relationship established between the subsidies and the harm [1][2]. Group 1: Impact on Domestic Industry - The domestic dairy industry in China is facing unprecedented difficulties, characterized by a prolonged decline in raw milk prices for over 40 months, the lowest nominal purchase prices in over a decade, and significant losses across the industry, with up to 90% of surveyed farms potentially facing losses or exiting the market [2][3]. - The challenges faced by the domestic dairy industry are attributed to both internal factors, such as slowing consumer growth and overcapacity, and external factors, particularly the impact of subsidized imports from the EU [2][3]. Group 2: Role of Subsidies - EU dairy products benefit from subsidies that create price advantages, which directly impact the domestic dairy processing industry that is still in its growth phase. This has led to a suppression of the domestic processing industry, which is struggling to compete [3][4]. - Subsidies are a crucial component of EU dairy farmers' income and incentivize production, which can lead to increased exports that further impact other countries' dairy industries [3][6]. Group 3: Temporary Anti-Subsidy Measures - The implementation of temporary anti-subsidy measures is viewed as a critical step for the domestic industry to gain breathing space. Industry associations have expressed strong support for these measures, which are expected to help mitigate the impact of imported subsidized products [4][5]. - The current low prices of raw milk may create opportunities for emerging processing companies to develop, as they can utilize lower-cost raw materials to produce value-added products like cream and cheese [5][6]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The anti-subsidy measures are not merely protective but are seen as a necessary response to the long-standing issue of EU subsidies, aiming to create a more equitable competitive environment for both EU and Chinese dairy farmers [6]. - The industry is encouraged to leverage the current policy window to diversify product lines and improve processing efficiency, which could enhance competitiveness against future imports [5][6].