中新健康｜当关节发出4个“求救信号”，千万别忽视

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increased risk of bone fractures and joint issues during winter, highlighting the impact of cold weather on human physiology and the importance of preventive measures for vulnerable populations [1][2][3]. Group 1: Winter's Impact on Bone Health - Winter is a high-risk season for fractures due to external factors like icy conditions and internal factors such as reduced blood circulation and muscle stiffness [2][3]. - Cold temperatures lead to blood vessel constriction, reducing blood flow to joints and bones, which can cause pain and discomfort [2][3]. - The lack of sunlight in winter results in vitamin D deficiency, weakening bone strength and increasing the risk of osteoporosis [3]. Group 2: Vulnerable Populations - Elderly individuals are particularly at risk due to age-related bone density loss and decreased balance and muscle strength, making them prone to fractures [4]. - Children and adolescents are also at risk as their developing bones are more susceptible to injury from physical activity [4]. - Individuals with specific health conditions, such as osteoporosis or diabetes, and those on long-term medication may have compromised bone strength, increasing fracture risk [4]. Group 3: Warning Signs for Joint Issues - Persistent pain and weakness in joints, especially during activities like climbing stairs, may indicate early cartilage wear [6]. - Sudden joint swelling and increased skin temperature could signal fluid accumulation or acute inflammation [7]. - Noises and pain during joint movement may suggest potential damage to ligaments or meniscus [8]. - A joint that suddenly locks in place may indicate serious internal issues, such as a torn meniscus [10]. Group 4: Preventive Measures for Bone Health - Active warming and protection of joints, particularly in the neck, waist, knees, and ankles, is essential during winter [11]. - Engaging in low-impact exercises like walking or swimming can help maintain joint health while avoiding high-impact activities [11]. - A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, along with adequate sun exposure, is recommended to support bone health [11]. - Seeking medical attention for persistent joint symptoms is crucial to avoid delaying treatment [11].