数字金融“由大到强”的中国路径

Core Insights - Digital finance is a key component of China's financial power blueprint, with a complete structure already formed. The core industry value added of the digital economy grew by 9.2% year-on-year in the first three quarters of 2025, and the banking sector's digital investment accounted for 15.3% [1] Group 1: Structural Challenges - Structural contradictions are evident, including lagging institutional supply, with regulatory sandboxes covering only 8.7% of prefecture-level cities, and limited promotion of cross-border innovative products [1] - Data factor allocation is inefficient, with less than 30% of quality data, leading to difficulties in rights confirmation and token circulation, creating "data islands" [1] - Cross-border scenarios are insufficiently penetrated, with digital RMB cross-border transactions accounting for only 3.2%, and reliance on the SWIFT system limiting currency diversity [1] - Financing obstacles exist for small and medium-sized tech enterprises, which often have data without assets or assets without financing, resulting in inadequate valuation and risk control systems [1] Group 2: Proposed Solutions - To break the deadlock, it is suggested to open up the system by establishing a nationwide unified regulatory sandbox, covering core cities in 31 provinces by the end of 2026, led by the National Financial Regulatory Administration [1] - Aiming for full coverage of public data rights confirmation by 2026, a national unified registration platform will be built, clarifying data ownership and processing rights for enterprises and operational rights for personal data after desensitization [2] - A three-dimensional valuation model will be developed to assess "data quality + scenario value + market demand," and the entire pledge registration process will be streamlined to three working days [2] Group 3: Cross-Border Enhancements - The digital RMB's cross-border application will be deepened, with plans to connect with over 10 payment systems of economic entities by 2027, enabling multi-currency real-time settlement [3] - A cross-border data trusted exchange system will be established, breaking the reliance on SWIFT, with 29 countries connected to CIPS [3] - The establishment of offshore RMB bonds and core scenarios for cross-border supply chain finance will be concentrated in Hainan Free Trade Port and Shanghai Free Trade Zone by 2028 [3] Group 4: Collaborative Mechanisms - A joint inter-ministerial meeting will be established to coordinate cross-departmental regulation and data sharing, with biannual meetings [3] - Policy support will be provided for financing related to IoT and blockchain verification, with risk compensation up to 50% modeled after the US SBA [3] - Talent cultivation will be enhanced by adding courses on data compliance and offshore finance in universities, along with tax and housing guarantees for high-end talent [3] Group 5: Strategic Transition - China's digital finance is transitioning from "scale expansion" to "structural optimization," focusing on institutional innovation to resolve bottlenecks, empowering potential through data, and expanding space through cross-border breakthroughs [4]