调整2035“燃油车禁售令” 欧盟减碳进程受产业现实阻滞

Core Viewpoint - The European Commission has adjusted its "Automotive Industry Package," changing the 2035 ban on combustion engine vehicles to a target of 90% reduction in carbon emissions compared to 2021 levels, allowing for the continued sale of certain non-pure electric vehicle models in the EU market, marking a significant revision of the EU's green transportation transition plan [1] Group 1: Policy Adjustments - The new proposal allows for the sale of various traditional powertrain technologies, including plug-in hybrid vehicles, range-extended electric vehicles, mild hybrid vehicles, and internal combustion engine vehicles that meet specific low-carbon fuel standards [1] - A more flexible transitional reduction target is set for 2030 to 2032, aiming to balance emission reductions with industry sustainability [1] Group 2: Economic Impact - The automotive industry contributes 7% to the EU's GDP and provides nearly 14 million jobs, highlighting its significance to the EU economy [2] - The adjustments are seen as a way to enhance the competitiveness of the automotive sector and create demand for cleaner commercial vehicles, thereby strengthening the EU's manufacturing and supply chains [2] Group 3: Industry Reactions - Some major European automakers support the proposal, viewing the relaxation of a single technology route as beneficial for addressing market pressures, with companies like Volkswagen and BMW acknowledging the feasibility of internal combustion technology in the near future [3] - Conversely, some manufacturers, such as Volvo, criticize the reversal of any bans as a betrayal, arguing it undermines confidence in future regulations [3] Group 4: Environmental Concerns - Environmental groups criticize the adjustment as a retreat from the EU's leadership in climate policy, arguing that the 90% reduction target undermines the push for electric vehicle adoption and could slow down emission reduction efforts [4] - The proposal has sparked mixed reactions among EU member states, with countries like Germany and Italy welcoming it, while Spain opposes it due to its ongoing transition to electric vehicles [4] Group 5: Future Considerations - The plan must undergo review by the EU Council and European Parliament before becoming law, a process expected to take months and likely to involve further discussions and revisions on details such as compensation mechanisms and market regulation [5] - The adjustments reflect a policy balancing act between climate goals and industrial realities, highlighting the tension between long-term policy commitments and immediate industry pressures [5]