万里同心：海外华侨对抗战人、财、物、媒的全方位支援

Core Viewpoint The article highlights the significant contributions of overseas Chinese (华侨) in supporting China's resistance against Japanese aggression during the Second Sino-Japanese War, showcasing their financial, material, and human resources mobilization efforts. Group 1: Historical Context and Contributions - The "Ten Thousand Miles Together" exhibition at the China Overseas Chinese History Museum marks the first systematic display of overseas Chinese participation in the anti-Japanese war and the global anti-fascist struggle [3] - Following the September 18 Incident, many overseas Chinese returned to China to resist Japanese aggression, with over 7,000 returning within two months [4] - Various overseas Chinese organizations were established to support the anti-Japanese cause, such as the Paris Chinese Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association and the San Francisco Chinese Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association [5] Group 2: Financial Support and Donations - Overseas Chinese contributed over 800 million yuan to the 19th Route Army during the January 28 Incident, with the Philippines and America being the largest contributors [7] - From 1937 to 1939, overseas Chinese purchased public bonds totaling 1.1 billion yuan, accounting for over one-third of the total issued during that period [23] - The South China Overseas Chinese Fund raised 400 million yuan for wartime relief and investment in China [13] Group 3: Material Support and Investments - Overseas Chinese donated significant amounts of material goods, including 1,000 ambulances and various military supplies, to support the war effort [14] - From 1937 to the outbreak of the Pacific War, overseas Chinese investments reached 1.6 billion yuan, aimed at supporting wartime needs [15] - The resistance against Japanese goods evolved into organized campaigns, with notable reductions in Japanese exports to regions like Malaya [16] Group 4: Human Resources Mobilization - The call for overseas Chinese to return and serve in various capacities, including as pilots and technicians, was crucial for the war effort, with thousands responding [18] - The establishment of organizations like the South Overseas Chinese Mechanic Corps facilitated the return of skilled workers to support logistics and transportation [19] - Women in the overseas Chinese community also played a vital role through cultural performances and fundraising efforts [19] Group 5: Collaboration with Chinese Authorities - The effectiveness of overseas Chinese efforts was closely tied to the collaboration with both the Nationalist government and the Communist Party, which provided guidance and support [22] - The establishment of the "Eight Route Army" office in Hong Kong helped facilitate communication and resource allocation for anti-Japanese efforts [25] - The creation of various publications aimed at garnering international support for the anti-Japanese cause highlighted the strategic importance of overseas Chinese in the broader war effort [26]