俄应实现微电子主权独立

Core Viewpoint - The interview highlights the importance of microelectronics as a key industry for Russia's technological sovereignty and the need for the country to develop its own core technologies in response to Western sanctions [4][5]. Industry Changes and Current Status - Since the suspension of Western companies' operations in Russia and the halt of microelectronics exports, the situation in the Russian microelectronics industry has not fundamentally changed, with ongoing limitations on technology and equipment [4][5]. - The Russian industry has recognized the necessity to develop indigenous core technologies, moving away from reliance on imports in strategic sectors [5]. Research and Development - Current Russian R&D efforts are focused on developing new architectures and advanced processing technologies, with projects like neuromorphic processors being explored [6][7]. - Despite advancements in design and architecture, Russia still relies on imported microprocessors for big data processing, as domestic manufacturing has not yet reached below 28nm technology [6][7]. Achievements and Challenges - The microelectronics sector is capital and technology-intensive, with modern clean rooms costing hundreds of billions and requiring a continuous operational capacity [8]. - The Russian government has initiated large-scale plans to produce ultra-pure materials and establish domestic manufacturing capabilities for electronic components, with funding for these initiatives increasing significantly compared to previous years [8][9]. Talent Development - There is a recognized need for collaboration between educational institutions and high-tech companies to address talent shortages and outdated curricula in microelectronics [9]. - Different types of talent are required for various roles in the industry, necessitating a differentiated approach to education and training [9]. Global Trends - The global microelectronics industry is advancing towards mastering 2nm process technology, with future goals set for even smaller nodes, although challenges such as heat dissipation and leakage remain [10].