权威报告发布：黄岩岛珊瑚礁生态系统状况总体良好

Core Viewpoint - The ecological status of the coral reef system at Huangyan Island is generally good, with significant biodiversity and coverage, but faces threats from human activities and climate change [1][2]. Group 1: Ecological Assessment - The coral reef ecosystem at Huangyan Island includes 135 species of reef-building corals from 36 genera across 13 families, with a high average coverage rate of 38.8% within the national nature reserve [1]. - The area also supports a rich diversity of reef fish and large benthic invertebrates, along with seagrass meadows covering approximately 1.85 square kilometers [1]. - The nature reserve is crucial for the breeding habitats of 94 species of nationally protected wildlife, including green sea turtles and various types of clams and conchs [1]. Group 2: Threats and Challenges - Historical military activities in the 1960s and 1970s, such as bombing training, have caused damage to the coral reefs [1]. - Recent illegal fishing and frequent incursions by foreign entities pose significant threats to the health of the Huangyan Island ecosystem [1]. - Global climate change, including abnormal sea surface temperature increases and tropical cyclones, has exerted stress on the coral reef ecosystem, alongside risks from outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish [2]. Group 3: Conservation Efforts - The establishment of the Huangyan Island national nature reserve has led to strict protection management and necessary ecological restoration efforts, which are expected to help maintain and enhance the diversity, stability, and sustainability of the coral reef ecosystem [2].