村镇银行撤牌背后： 一场“毛细血管”的重构与新生

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing reform wave in rural banks is transforming them into branches of larger banking institutions, enhancing their risk resistance and service capabilities while maintaining their focus on local economies [1][2][4]. Group 1: Reform Trends - Over 250 rural banks have been deregistered since 2025 due to regulatory approvals for mergers or dissolutions [1]. - Many rural banks are transitioning to become branches of state-owned banks, joint-stock banks, or urban commercial banks through models like "village to branch" and "village to division" [1][4]. - In December alone, nearly 50 rural banks were approved for mergers or dissolutions by regulatory authorities [2]. Group 2: Structural Changes - The restructuring of rural banks can occur through four main methods: absorption by the main initiating bank, mergers of multiple rural banks, direct dissolution, or increasing shareholding in rural banks by the main initiating bank [4]. - The goal of these reforms is to optimize the quality of rural financial services and enhance support for agriculture and local economies [4][6]. Group 3: Service Continuity and Improvement - Despite the structural changes, the customer base remains the same, focusing on familiar local clients, and the service mission continues to support agriculture and small enterprises [6]. - Post-reform, the service capabilities and risk resistance of these banks have significantly improved, allowing them to offer services comparable to larger banks [6]. Group 4: Future Directions - The success of these reforms hinges on improving corporate governance to stimulate the internal motivation of small and medium-sized banks, ensuring they meet the diverse financial needs of the real economy [6]. - There is a call for these institutions to focus on their core business and differentiate their operations, avoiding blind expansion and homogenized competition [6].