多发性骨髓瘤容易侵袭老年人

Core Viewpoint - The incidence of multiple myeloma in China is increasing, with approximately 35,000 to 40,000 new cases diagnosed annually, primarily affecting the elderly population. Early detection and standardized treatment can lead to "functional cure" for many patients [4][7]. Group 1: Disease Overview - Multiple myeloma is a malignant blood disorder predominantly found in older adults, with a rising incidence due to aging and increased routine health check-ups [4]. - The disease progresses through three stages: Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS), Smoldering Myeloma, and Active Myeloma, with symptoms often being non-specific and leading to misdiagnosis [5][6]. Group 2: Diagnosis and Early Detection - Approximately 60% to 70% of patients in large hospitals are misdiagnosed or undiagnosed at their first visit, highlighting the importance of early and accurate diagnosis [6]. - Regular health check-ups are crucial for early detection, especially for high-risk groups such as the elderly, those with a family history, obesity, or exposure to toxic substances [6][9]. Group 3: Treatment Advances - The median survival for multiple myeloma patients has improved from 2-3 years to 8-10 years due to advancements in treatment and the introduction of new drugs [7]. - Bispecific antibodies have shown an overall efficacy rate of 60% to 70%, providing new treatment options for relapsed/refractory patients [8]. Group 4: Multidisciplinary Collaboration - The management of multiple myeloma is evolving towards a long-term chronic disease model, necessitating multidisciplinary collaboration to address the complex health needs of patients [9]. - Comprehensive treatment plans require cooperation between various specialties, such as hematology, nephrology, and orthopedics, to ensure individualized care [9].