科技日报：美对中国半导体产业调查纯属“贼喊捉贼”

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) has released findings from a Section 301 investigation into China's semiconductor industry, claiming that China's pursuit of dominance in this sector is unreasonable and burdensome to U.S. businesses. Starting June 2027, tariffs will be imposed on semiconductor products from China, with specific rates to be announced at least one month in advance [1]. Group 1: U.S. Policy and Actions - The USTR accuses China of using "non-market policies" such as industrial planning and subsidies to promote its semiconductor industry, labeling these actions as unreasonable. This accusation is seen as hypocritical, as the U.S. is considered the largest implementer of "non-market policies" in the semiconductor sector [1]. - The Biden administration has authorized $52.7 billion in direct subsidies for the semiconductor industry through the CHIPS and Science Act, providing a 25% investment tax credit for building chip factories and equipment, while also restricting companies receiving U.S. subsidies from significantly increasing advanced chip production in China for the next decade [1]. - The Trump administration previously threatened tariffs on imported semiconductor chips to compel international semiconductor companies to invest in U.S. manufacturing [1]. Group 2: China's Semiconductor Industry Focus - China's semiconductor industry is primarily focused on meeting domestic demand rather than exporting, with 80% of its mature process chips sold within the country. The emphasis is on technological research and development rather than increasing production capacity [2]. - The growth rate of domestic demand for mature process chips in China is aligned with the growth rate of production capacity, indicating limited potential for a significant influx of Chinese chips into Western markets [2]. Group 3: U.S. Export Controls and Tariffs - The U.S. has been accused of weaponizing and utilizing chips as tools, implementing export bans to hinder China's development in semiconductors and artificial intelligence. The goal is to reduce China's opportunities in the global market and weaken its industrial system [3]. - Tariffs are viewed as a direct method to curb China's semiconductor exports, with the U.S. aiming to prevent Chinese manufacturers from competing in the U.S. market and avoiding the provision of "excess capacity" to China [3]. - Despite U.S. efforts to restrict China's semiconductor industry through export controls and tariffs, it is believed that China's self-reliance and continuous technological advancements will ultimately lead to the failure of U.S. containment strategies [3].