外贸发展韧性如何延续？丨落实会议部署 问答中国经济

Core Viewpoint - China's merchandise trade exports have shown a surprising year-on-year growth of 6.2% in the first 11 months of this year, exceeding initial expectations despite high tariffs imposed by certain countries, reflecting the resilience brought by the long-term transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing sector and diversification of trade partners [1][2]. Group 1: Export Growth and Structure - The export structure of China has improved, with intermediate goods and capital goods showing significant growth rates of 9.7% and 6% respectively in the first 10 months, contributing 5.6 percentage points to overall export growth [1]. - Intermediate goods accounted for 47.4% of total exports in the first three quarters, an increase of 2 percentage points compared to the end of last year, indicating a shift towards a more favorable export structure [1]. Group 2: Trade Partner Diversification - Exports to the U.S. have decreased by 18.3%, but exports to non-U.S. markets such as Africa, ASEAN, India, the EU, the UK, Latin America, and Australia have maintained high growth, effectively offsetting the decline in exports to the U.S. [2]. - The long-term advantages of manufacturing transformation and market diversification are expected to continue, with a generally optimistic outlook for foreign trade in the coming year [2]. Group 3: Future Strategies - Continued promotion of manufacturing transformation and upgrading is essential, with a focus on integrating technological and industrial innovation to enhance the self-sufficiency of the industrial chain [3]. - The service sector's export potential is significant, with service trade exports growing by 14.3% in the first 10 months, including a 52.5% increase in travel service exports [3]. Group 4: Multilateral Trade System - China has actively supported the multilateral trade system, proposing measures to stabilize and develop the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework, which has garnered widespread support [4]. - Plans for gradual institutional opening and the signing of more regional and bilateral trade agreements are underway, aimed at promoting the free flow of goods, services, and investments [4].