吃素能控血糖？小心这几种素菜越吃血糖越高

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that managing blood sugar levels through diet is complex and cannot be simplified to merely eating vegetarian food. It highlights the importance of understanding glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) in food choices to effectively control blood sugar levels [1][8]. Group 1: Understanding GI and GL - The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly food raises blood sugar levels, with high GI foods (GI > 70) causing rapid spikes, while low GI foods (GI ≤ 55) help maintain stable blood sugar [1][3]. - Glycemic load (GL) considers both the quality and quantity of carbohydrates in food, calculated as GL = (GI × grams of available carbohydrates) / 100, providing a more comprehensive view of food's impact on blood sugar [1][3]. Group 2: Misleading Vegetarian Options - Certain starchy vegetables like potatoes and yams, often mistaken for healthy options, can significantly raise blood sugar levels when consumed in excess without reducing other carbohydrate sources [5]. - Vegetarian dishes that are high in added sugars and fats, such as fried or heavily sauced items, can also negatively impact blood sugar levels despite being plant-based [6][10]. Group 3: Health Risks of Unhealthy Vegetarian Diets - A poorly balanced vegetarian diet can lead to health risks, including nutrient deficiencies (e.g., protein, vitamin B12, iron, zinc, calcium) that may adversely affect blood sugar control and overall health [10][11]. - The quality of food is more critical than the "meat vs. vegetarian" label, with unhealthy plant-based diets linked to increased diabetes risk [8][9]. Group 4: Recommendations for Healthy Eating - A balanced diet should include a mix of whole grains, vegetables, and quality protein sources, with a recommended meal composition of 1/4 carbohydrates, 1/2 vegetables, and 1/4 protein [12][13]. - Eating order matters; starting with vegetables, followed by protein, and then carbohydrates can help stabilize post-meal blood sugar levels [12][13]. - Cooking methods should favor steaming, boiling, or quick stir-frying over frying or heavy sauces, and using natural spices can enhance flavor without adding excess salt or sugar [12][13].