破解认知误区 助准妈妈正确应对“甜蜜负担”

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the rising prevalence of gestational diabetes in China, which has reached 17.5%, and aims to clarify common misconceptions while providing practical knowledge for expectant mothers to manage this condition effectively [2]. Group 1: Prevalence and Awareness - The incidence of gestational diabetes in China is currently at 17.5%, meaning 1 in every 6 pregnant women is affected [2]. - The increase in cases is attributed to the relaxation of the two-child and three-child policies and a higher proportion of older pregnant women [2]. - There is a significant lack of awareness among the public regarding gestational diabetes, leading to either excessive anxiety or negligence, both of which can adversely affect maternal and infant health [2]. Group 2: Common Concerns - Expectant mothers often have five main concerns regarding gestational diabetes, including the necessity of screening despite the absence of symptoms, the need for insulin treatment, dietary management, potential impacts on the baby, and post-delivery health [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Group 3: Misconceptions - Misconception 1: Only overweight mothers can develop gestational diabetes; however, slim mothers can also be at risk due to factors like genetics and age [11]. - Misconception 2: Fruits are healthy and can be consumed freely; in reality, the type and quantity of fruit matter, with high-sugar fruits needing to be limited [12]. - Misconception 3: Reducing carbohydrate intake is essential for controlling blood sugar; however, carbohydrates are crucial for fetal brain development, and a balanced intake is necessary [13]. - Misconception 4: Bed rest is the only option for managing gestational diabetes; moderate exercise is beneficial unless contraindicated by obstetric conditions [14]. Group 4: Management Strategies - A five-step management approach is recommended for expectant mothers diagnosed with gestational diabetes, including regular blood sugar monitoring, personalized dietary planning, post-meal physical activity, adherence to medical advice regarding medication, and maintaining a positive mindset [15][16][17].