氘核及其反物质粒子形成之谜揭示 向深入理解强核力前进一大步

Core Insights - Scientists from the Technical University of Munich and other institutions have revealed the formation secrets of deuterons and their antimatter particles using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [1][2] - The research indicates that these fragile atomic nuclei did not originate from the chaotic state of the Big Bang but rather from the decay of "short-lived" high-energy particles within a cooling "fireball" [1][2] - This advancement marks a significant step towards a deeper understanding of the strong nuclear force [1][3] Group 1 - The strong nuclear force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature, responsible for binding protons and neutrons within atomic nuclei [2] - At the LHC, protons collide at nearly the speed of light, recreating extreme conditions similar to those shortly after the Big Bang, allowing scientists to explore the essence of matter at a microscopic level [2] - The latest research from the ALICE experiment at the LHC discovered that the decay of short-lived high-energy particles releases protons and neutrons necessary for forming deuterons, explaining the presence of these light atomic nuclei under extreme conditions [2] Group 2 - Approximately 90% of the observed (anti)deuterons originate from this newly discovered process rather than surviving from the initial moments of the Big Bang [2] - The ALICE experiment functions like a giant camera, capable of tracking and reconstructing up to 2000 particles produced in a single collision, enabling scientists to recreate early cosmic scenes [2] - This discovery has profound implications for fundamental nuclear physics research, enhancing the understanding of strong nuclear force and expanding the horizons of cosmological studies, potentially providing clues for exploring dark matter [3]