American Banker·2025-12-31 19:18Core Insights - The distinction between fintechs and traditional banks is increasingly diminishing as fintech companies pursue bank charters through acquisitions and applications in 2025 [1] Group 1: Fintech Acquisitions and Charters - SmartBiz Loans has acquired Centrust Bank, obtaining its national OCC-granted charter and rebranding it as SmartBiz Bank, marking a significant move in fintech-bank mergers [4] - Historically, obtaining new bank charters has been challenging for fintechs, with no approvals under the Biden administration until Varo's successful acquisition [5] - PayPal has applied for an industrial loan charter to establish PayPal Bank, aiming to facilitate lending to businesses, having already originated over $30 million in loans to more than 420,000 businesses since 2013 [12][13] Group 2: Crypto Trust Charters - Coinbase has applied for a national trust charter from the OCC, joining a wave of crypto-related applications, including those from Circle, Ripple, and Paxos, with the aim to expand customer offerings without becoming a traditional bank [6][8] - The OCC conditionally approved national trust banking charters for five digital-asset firms, including Ripple National Trust Bank and Fidelity Digital Assets, on December 12 [9] - Circle's application for a national trust bank charter aims to integrate stablecoins into the broader financial system, allowing for custodial services under OCC regulation [16] Group 3: New Market Entrants - Erebor Bank, founded by Palmer Luckey and backed by notable investors, received conditional approval for a national bank charter and deposit insurance, planning to offer services in technology and virtual currency markets [21][22] - Nubank has filed for a U.S. national bank charter to expand its digital banking services, aiming to offer deposit accounts, credit cards, loans, and digital asset custody in the U.S. market [25][26]