提升林草碳汇功能 助力“双碳”目标实现

Core Viewpoint - China, as the largest developing country, is committed to its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) under the Paris Agreement, focusing on forestry as a key solution to climate change, with a target of achieving a forest stock of over 24 billion cubic meters by 2035, an increase of 11 billion cubic meters from 2005 levels [1][2] Group 1: Climate Change and Forests - Forests play an irreplaceable role in mitigating and adapting to climate change, acting as the largest carbon sink on land with a total carbon storage of approximately 662 billion tons [2] - Since 2010, global forests have absorbed about 3.1 to 3.9 billion tons of carbon annually, accounting for roughly half of the fossil fuel emissions during the same period, although two-thirds of this carbon sink is offset by deforestation in tropical forests [2] Group 2: China's Achievements and Goals - China has made significant achievements in ecological construction since the reform and opening up, with initiatives like the "Three-North" Shelter Forest Program and natural forest protection projects, leading to a current forest stock of 20.988 billion cubic meters, surpassing the 2030 NDC target ahead of schedule [2] - The annual carbon sink from China's forests exceeds 1.2 billion tons, indicating substantial progress in carbon sequestration [2] Group 3: Future Strategies for Forest Management - There is considerable potential for increasing carbon storage in China's forests through scientific management and precise operations, with the goal of reaching a forest stock of over 24 billion cubic meters by 2035 [3] - Strategies include implementing precise forest quality improvement projects, enhancing existing forest quality, and optimizing forest structure to increase carbon storage and resilience against climate risks [3][4] Group 4: Protection and Sustainable Management - Strengthening the protection of forest ecosystems within national parks and implementing sustainable management practices for forests outside ecological red lines are essential to prevent carbon loss [4] - Developing biomass energy and wood bamboo alternatives is crucial for reducing emissions and increasing carbon storage in wood products [4] Group 5: Research and Development Focus - Future research will focus on advancing suitable afforestation, tree species selection, forest management techniques, and optimizing the carbon storage potential of forest soils [5] - Accurate assessments of forest carbon sinks' contributions to achieving national "dual carbon" goals will be essential, along with the development of corresponding timelines and roadmaps [5]