美国终于摊牌了！选定主战场向中国发难，这次我们不再客气

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. has introduced a new tariff list targeting China's semiconductor industry, specifically focusing on mature process chips rather than advanced processes, indicating a strategic shift in its approach to counter China's technological advancements [1][4][6]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff Strategy - The new tariff list aims at mature process chips, such as 28nm and 55nm, which are crucial for various electronic devices, highlighting their importance in the global electronics supply chain [4][10]. - The implementation of these tariffs will not take effect until June 2027, suggesting a buffer period that may reflect U.S. concerns about potential backlash from its own companies reliant on Chinese chip production [6][10][14]. - The tariffs are perceived as a negotiation tool rather than a definitive sanction, aimed at extracting concessions from China in other areas like market access and technology transfer [17]. Group 2: Impact on China and Global Supply Chain - China currently holds approximately 30% of the global capacity in mature process chips, indicating its significant role in the semiconductor supply chain [5]. - The U.S. tariffs could lead to increased costs for American companies, ultimately affecting consumers, as major firms like Apple and Tesla rely on Chinese chip production for cost control [10][13]. - The ongoing U.S.-China technological competition has entered a new phase, focusing on the resilience and interconnectedness of global supply chains rather than just direct confrontations [14][21]. Group 3: Future Projections - The U.S. is likely to pursue two main strategies: using tariffs as leverage in negotiations and attempting to rally allies to create alternative supply chains that reduce dependence on China [16][18]. - However, the feasibility of relocating semiconductor production to other countries like Vietnam or India is questioned due to their lack of infrastructure and talent compared to China [19][20]. - The ultimate goal for China is to establish its mature process technology as a global standard, ensuring that the world remains dependent on its semiconductor capabilities [23][27].