超级新能源基地为何建在这儿

Core Viewpoint - The development of large-scale renewable energy bases in desert, Gobi, and barren areas is crucial for enhancing China's energy security and achieving a clean, low-carbon energy system by 2030, with a planned total installed capacity of 455 million kilowatts, equivalent to 20 Three Gorges Dam capacities [1][2]. Group 1: Renewable Energy Development - The focus on renewable energy is driven by China's high dependence on foreign oil and gas, with past fossil fuel combustion accounting for up to 88% of CO2 emissions [2]. - Utilizing abundant solar and wind resources in desert areas can help create energy bases that integrate energy development, climate governance, ecological restoration, and industrial growth [2][3]. - The establishment of these energy bases is expected to generate significant green electricity, addressing power shortages in eastern and central regions, and reducing reliance on foreign oil and gas [2][3]. Group 2: Ecological Restoration - Renewable energy bases can effectively mitigate ecological damage by reducing wind speed and sand transport, with solar panels decreasing surface evaporation by 15% to 30% [3]. - The integration of drought-resistant plants under solar panels can combat land desertification, transforming barren areas into energy oases [3]. Group 3: Challenges in Implementation - The construction of renewable energy bases faces ecological safety concerns due to the fragile environment of desert areas, which complicates planning and development [4]. - There are significant challenges in aligning the construction timelines of power generation, grid infrastructure, and energy storage, risking inefficiencies in energy distribution [4][5]. - The extreme conditions in desert areas lead to increased operational costs and maintenance challenges for renewable energy equipment [4][6]. Group 4: Strategic Planning and Technological Innovation - A comprehensive planning blueprint is necessary to address fundamental issues such as site selection, ecological preservation, and energy distribution [7]. - Enhancing infrastructure for high-voltage direct current transmission and developing hydrogen pipelines are essential for efficient energy transfer [7][8]. - The integration of advanced technologies across the energy generation and distribution chain is crucial for improving efficiency and reliability [8]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The envisioned renewable energy bases in desert areas could not only meet domestic energy needs but also position China as a global energy center, facilitating cross-border energy trade [9]. - The development of a complete industrial chain and the establishment of standards and technologies will enable these bases to become significant players in the global energy market [9].