欧盟“绿色壁垒”会挡住自己发展

Group 1 - The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) has officially come into effect, imposing carbon tariffs on high-carbon products such as steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, electricity, and hydrogen [1] - The mechanism has faced criticism from both within the EU and from major trading partners like China, India, and Brazil, who argue that the carbon emission default values are too lenient [1][2] - CBAM is part of the EU's broader green policy aimed at achieving a 55% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050, as mandated by the European Climate Law [1][2] Group 2 - The implementation of CBAM may lead to significant additional carbon costs for China's steel and aluminum industries, potentially amounting to tens of billions of RMB annually [3] - The EU plans to expand the scope of high-carbon products covered by CBAM to include 180 items, such as machinery, automotive parts, and household appliances by 2028, which could create trade imbalances and discrimination against developing countries [3] - The mechanism reflects the EU's declining hard power and international competitiveness, as it resorts to trade protectionism under the guise of environmental policy [3][4] Group 3 - There are internal dissenting voices within Europe, such as the German Chamber of Commerce, which argues for collaboration with other countries rather than imposing unilateral standards [4] - The dual standards of the EU's green policies may ultimately harm relationships with trading partners and jeopardize future economic development in Europe [4]